carbon steels

High Carbon

Composition

​

0.8-2% Carbon

Common Shapes

​

High Carbon Steels are commonly available in:

​

  • Sheets and Plates

  • Welded & Seamless Tubes and Pipes 

  • Structural profiles

  • Wire

  • Rods

  • Bars

  • Fittings

​

(Not all alloys or tempers available in all shapes)

Characteristics

​​

  • The strongest of the Carbon Steels

  • The least ductile and cold-workable Carbon Steel

  • High wear resistance

  • Excellent strength gains from heat treatment

​

Uses

​

  • Springs

  • High tensile wire

Weldability

​

High Carbon Steels are not suitable for welding, due to their high Carbon content.

Machinability

​

The high Carbon content of High Carbon Steel renders the metal too brittle to be successfully machined.

Commonly Used Alloys (SAE)

​

1055-1095 | 1137-1151 | 1561-1572

Medium Carbon

Composition

​

0.61%-1.5% Carbon

Common Shapes

​

Medium Carbon Steels are commonly available in:​

​

  • Sheets and Plates

  • Welded & Seamless Tubes and Pipes 

  • Structural profiles

  • Wire

  • Rods

  • Bars

  • Fittings

​

(Not all alloys or tempers available in all shapes)

Characteristics

​​

  • Stronger than mild steel

  • Reduced ductility

  • Good response to heat treatment for the purpose of increasing strength

Uses

​

  • Used for large parts

  • Forgings

  • Automotive products

Weldability

​

As the Carbon content of Carbon Steels increases, the weldability decreases, therefore Medium Carbon Steel is not best suited to welding.

Machinability

​

Medium Carbon Steels are machinable, as long as care is taken with machine cutting speeds and feeds.

Commonly Used Alloys (SAE)

​

1040 | 1045 | 1141 | 1144

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Low Carbon (Mild Steel)

Composition

​

0.04%-0.30% Carbon

Common Shapes

​

Low Carbon Steels are commonly available in:

​

  • Sheets and Plates

  • Tubes and Pipes 

  • Wire

  • Rods

  • Bars

​

(Not all alloys or tempers available in all shapes)

Characteristics

​​

  • Easy formability

  • Easy to cut

  • Low corrosion resistance

  • Excellent cold-workability

​

Uses

​

  • Car bodies

  • Nails

  • Rivets

  • Screws

  • Rebar

  • General fabrication

Commonly Used Alloys (SAE)

​

1005-1026 | 1108-1119 | 1211-1215

1513-1527

Weldability

​

Welding of Mild Steel is easily achieved via both GMAW and GTAW welding practices.

Machinability

​

Mild Steels are not easily machined- if they must be, a cutting speed no greater than 30.48m/minute is recommended.

Integ Metals // Materials // Steel // Carbon Steel
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