
carbon steels
High Carbon
Composition
​
0.8-2% Carbon
Common Shapes
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High Carbon Steels are commonly available in:
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Sheets and Plates
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Welded & Seamless Tubes and Pipes
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Structural profiles
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Wire
-
Rods
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Bars
-
Fittings
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(Not all alloys or tempers available in all shapes)
Characteristics
​​
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The strongest of the Carbon Steels
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The least ductile and cold-workable Carbon Steel
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High wear resistance
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Excellent strength gains from heat treatment
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Uses
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Springs
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High tensile wire
Weldability
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High Carbon Steels are not suitable for welding, due to their high Carbon content.
Machinability
​
The high Carbon content of High Carbon Steel renders the metal too brittle to be successfully machined.
Commonly Used Alloys (SAE)
​
1055-1095 | 1137-1151 | 1561-1572
Medium Carbon
Composition
​
0.61%-1.5% Carbon
Common Shapes
​
Medium Carbon Steels are commonly available in:​
​
-
Sheets and Plates
-
Welded & Seamless Tubes and Pipes
-
Structural profiles
-
Wire
-
Rods
-
Bars
-
Fittings
​
(Not all alloys or tempers available in all shapes)
Characteristics
​​
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Stronger than mild steel
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Reduced ductility
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Good response to heat treatment for the purpose of increasing strength
Uses
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Used for large parts
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Forgings
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Automotive products
Weldability
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As the Carbon content of Carbon Steels increases, the weldability decreases, therefore Medium Carbon Steel is not best suited to welding.
Machinability
​
Medium Carbon Steels are machinable, as long as care is taken with machine cutting speeds and feeds.
Commonly Used Alloys (SAE)
​
1040 | 1045 | 1141 | 1144
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Low Carbon (Mild Steel)
Composition
​
0.04%-0.30% Carbon
Common Shapes
​
Low Carbon Steels are commonly available in:
​
-
Sheets and Plates
-
Tubes and Pipes
-
Wire
-
Rods
-
Bars
​
(Not all alloys or tempers available in all shapes)
Characteristics
​​
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Easy formability
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Easy to cut
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Low corrosion resistance
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Excellent cold-workability
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Uses
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Car bodies
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Nails
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Rivets
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Screws
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Rebar
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General fabrication
Commonly Used Alloys (SAE)
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1005-1026 | 1108-1119 | 1211-1215
1513-1527
Weldability
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Welding of Mild Steel is easily achieved via both GMAW and GTAW welding practices.
Machinability
​
Mild Steels are not easily machined- if they must be, a cutting speed no greater than 30.48m/minute is recommended.
Integ Metals // Materials // Steel // Carbon Steel
